The temperature at which proteases exhibit the highest activity (optimal temperature) is not fixed and varies depending on their source and type. However, most proteases used in industrial scenarios such as laundry detergents have an optimal temperature range of 40°C to 60°C.
Specifically:
Proteases from animal sources: For example, trypsin, whose optimal temperature is usually around 37°C to 40°C (close to human body temperature).
Microbial proteases (the most commonly used in laundry detergents): Due to the need to adapt to industrial production and daily washing environments, they have stronger heat resistance, and their optimal temperature is mostly between 40°C and 60°C. This temperature range can efficiently break down protein-based stains (such as blood stains and sweat stains) and is compatible with the common water temperature settings of household washing machines.
It should be noted that:
Too low a temperature (e.g., below 20°C): Enzyme activity will decrease significantly, reducing the efficiency of stain decomposition.
Too high a temperature (e.g., above 70°C): Most proteases will denature and inactivate due to high temperatures, losing their catalytic ability.
Therefore, when using laundry detergents containing proteases, controlling the water temperature between 40°C and 60°C can maximize their cleaning effect.
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